Injection Applications
Injection waterproofing is an effective method for preventing water ingress through cracks that form in basement retaining walls, car park walls and terrace-level ceiling slabs. Where waterproofing from the positive side is not possible, this application is carried out from the negative side and prevents water from damaging the structure.
During the application the cracked areas are opened up, injection packers are installed in a staggered pattern and the injection waterproofing process is then carried out. This method stops water ingress completely, increases the durability of the structure and provides long-lasting protection.
Advantages of Injection Applications:
Application from the Negative Side: Offers an effective solution where positive-side waterproofing is not possible.
Long-Lasting Protection: Completely prevents water ingress through cracks.
Flexible Application: Can be used in various areas such as basements, car park walls and ceiling slabs.
Targeted Solution: Provides a pinpoint solution in the areas where water is entering.
Application without Damaging the Structure: Provides effective waterproofing while preserving the existing structure.
At Likit İzolasyon, our experienced teams stop water ingress permanently in injection waterproofing applications. You can benefit from our professional solutions to secure your structures against the harmful effects of water.
Application Areas of Injection
Cracks with active water leakage in basements and retaining walls
Making structural cracks in reinforced concrete elements monolithic again
Water leaks from construction joints and cold joints
Structures with limited access such as lift pits, water tanks and tunnels
Stabilising ground and fill voids by filling them
Injection Resins and Their Areas of Use
Polyurethane Foam Resins
On contact with water these foam rapidly, expand in volume and fill the void. They are the first-response product in cracks with active water under pressure, where stopping the water is the priority. Remaining elastic gives them an advantage in moving cracks.
Epoxy Resins
Low-viscosity epoxy is injected into static cracks to restore the sectional integrity of the concrete. When cured it reaches a higher strength than the concrete itself, which is why it is preferred in structural repair. It is not used in cracks with water ingress.
Acrylic Gel Systems
Thanks to their very low viscosity these penetrate fine cracks and voids in the ground. They are also used to form an impermeable curtain between the structure and the soil by injecting behind a retaining wall.
The Application Process
1. Crack analysis: The width and depth of the crack, whether it is moving, and whether water is entering are all determined. The choice of resin rests entirely on this assessment.
2. Placing the packers: Holes are drilled along the line of the crack at an angle that intersects it, and mechanical packers are fitted. The spacing of the packers is determined by the thickness of the element.
3. Sealing the surface: The crack surface is sealed with rapid-setting mortar so that the resin does not flow out.
4. Injection: The resin is pumped in, starting from the lowest packer; resin emerging from the adjacent packer indicates that the crack is full. The pressure is increased in stages.
5. Cleaning and inspection: After curing the packers are removed, the holes are made good with repair mortar and the surface is levelled. It is confirmed by observation that the leak has stopped.
Technical Notes and Standards
Injection products are classified under TS EN 1504-5 ; for use in structural bonding, the provisions of TS EN 1504-4 apply.
Injecting epoxy into a crack with water ingress will fail; the water must first be stopped with polyurethane and, if necessary, structural repair carried out afterwards with epoxy.
Injection does not remove the cause of the crack. If structural movement is continuing the crack will open again; the cause must therefore be identified first.
Drilling the packer holes at an angle that intersects the crack allows the resin to spread along its length.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can injection be carried out while water is flowing?
Yes — indeed, polyurethane foam resins were developed for precisely this condition. They react on contact with water and expand to stop it. This makes it possible to intervene without waiting for a dry environment.
Is injection a permanent solution?
It is permanent if the crack is static and the cause of the water ingress has been removed. However, if there is continuous movement in the structure from settlement, vibration or temperature, the crack may open again. In such cases an elastic resin is chosen and structural measures are taken if necessary.
Can it be applied without breaking into the wall?
Yes. Injection is a low-intervention method carried out only by drilling packer holes. It requires no stripping of finishes, excavation or extensive breaking out, which is why it is preferred in buildings that remain in use.
Up to what crack width can it be applied?
This depends on the viscosity of the resin. Acrylic gels can penetrate very fine hairline cracks, while polyurethane foams are effective in wider voids. In very wide voids the volume is first reduced with a filling mortar.